The different Concepts and Principles of Ayurveda are as follows:
Body Matrix
According to Ayurveda, the supreme condition of life is achieves through the union of body, senses, mind and soul. Three humours namely, Vata, Pitta and Kapha, seven basic tissues namely, Rasa, Rakta, Meda, Mansa, Shukra, Majja and Asthi and the body waste products such as faeces, urine and sweat constitute a living man. In short, body matrix comprises of waste products, tissues and humours. It is the food that gets processed in to humours on which the decay and growth of this body matrix depends.
Panchamahabhutas
Ayurveda says that human body is composed of five basic elements called Panchamahabhutas, namely, fire, earth, water, air and ether (vacuum). There should be a balanced composition of all these components to suit the needs of different body matrix. The foods we consume nourish the body after the bio-fire (agni) taking place in the system.
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Health and Sickness
The presence or absence of a balanced state of body matrix reflects our health or sickness. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors should be in a proportion in the natural equilibrium without any disturbances to avoid diseases. Improper diet, exercise and seasonal abnormalities give rise to disturbances in the normal balance. This imbalance can be treated by regulating diet, modifying life routine and behavior, by using drugs and by resorting to Panchkarma and Rasayana therapy.
Diagnosis
The physician in Ayurveda does a whole body diagnosis of a patient by studying factors like body tissues, humours, daily routine, diet, digestion, environmental, personal, social and economic conditions and patient's vitality and resistance. The diagnosis involves a series of examinations like
1.Pulse examination
2.General physical examination
3. Urine examination
4. Examination of tongue and eyes
5. Examination of the faeces
6.Examination of skin and ear
Treatment
Studying the various concepts and principles of Ayurveda, the physician gives a suitable treatment to the patient. Various treatments include avoiding causative factors responsible for disequilibrium of the body matrix, proper diet, Panchkarma procedure, medicines, exercise and restoration of balance and strength of the body to increase immunity. A normal Ayurveda treatment involves three steps, namely, use of medicines, specific diet and prescribes activity routine. These steps can be used in two ways, in the first way, that is called the Vjpreeta treatment, three measures anatagonize the disease by studying the various factors manifesting the disease. While in the second way, that is called Vjpreetarthkai treatment, three measures of medicine, diet and activity are given targeted to exert effects of diseases.
Four things essential for treatment in Ayurveda are:
1. The Physician
2. The Patient
3. The Medicaments
4. The Nursing Personnel
Preventive Treatment & the concept of Aetio - Pathogenesis
It is always considered that prevention is better than the cure, keeping this in mind, Ayurveda has developed stages that describes the causative factors of a disease. This helps in knowing the possible onset of a particular disease before the symptoms become clear. This also helps on taking preventive measures to avoid the diseases by arresting the further progress in pathogenesis in its earliest stage.
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